Cognitive psychology studies the internal mental processes through which the human mind acquires, processes, stores, and uses information. It views the mind as an information processor (similar to software) that transforms sensory inputs into behavioral outputs, analyzing functions such as perception, memory, thought, language, attention, and problem solving. Here are the main subjects of study and key concepts: Higher Mental Processes: Study of thought, reasoning, decision-making, and intelligence. Memory and Learning: How information is encoded, stored, and retrieved. Perception and Attention: Analysis of the mechanisms for selecting environmental stimuli and constructing reality. Language: The processes of understanding and producing language. Human Information Processing Metaphor: The mind is studied as an information-processing system, often compared to the functioning of a computer. Experimental Methodology: The discipline uses controlled experiments to scientifically study processes that cannot be directly observed. In short, cognitive psychology investigates how people understand the world and how this knowledge influences behavior, learning, and emotions.